英美政府在英国非殖民化问题上的博弈

The Fighting between Britain and USA on the Decolonization of Britain

二战初期,美国政府对英帝国表现出不妥协的立场。随着二战的进行,美国基于自己的战略考虑,反殖民主义态度开始软化。在艾德礼政府时期,美国由于自己的外交与战略考虑对英帝国表现出不同的政策,但是在这些不同的政策背后是美国对英国财政的支持。由于冷战的需要,美国采取了支持英帝国的政策。但是随着冷战的加剧,基于与苏联竞争的需要,美国又在一定程度上敦促英国加快非殖民化的步伐。纵观英国非殖民化的全过程,美国政府对英帝国的态度是复杂的,而英国政府的考虑才是英国非殖民化的决定因素。

Before and during the early stage of the Second World War, the attitude of the United States to the British Empire was uncompromising. As the war went by, according to the strategic consideration, the anti-colonialism of the United States was surpassed. During the period of the Attlee's Government, the policies of USA to the British Empire were different because of its different diplomatic and strategic consideration. However, behind these different policies, Attlee 's government gave the British Empire economic assistance. USA began to support the British Empire when the cold war began. But when the cold war was intensified, according to the demand of the competition with Soviet Union and procuring the good will of the Third World, USA urged Britain to accelerate the decolonization to some extent. The attitude of the USA was complicated. However, the whole stage of the British decolonization was decided mainly by British governmert.