清末金融立法与金融发展

The Financial Legislation and Financial Development in Late Qing Dynasty

金融立法作为金融制度的核心,决定着金融发展的速度与方向。1840年鸦片战争后,中国被迫开放,外国金融机构陆续进入中国,传统的货币金融体系不能适应新的社会经济格局。受英、日等国金融制度的影响,清政府在大规模移植国外金融法制的基础上,制订和实施了一系列涉及银行、货币、证券、保险等金融各业的法律法规。由于时代所限,清末金融立法在促进金融发展的同时,也存在一些照搬照抄有悖国情、条文疏浅留于文本的立法缺陷,从而导致金融发展受阻。

The financial legislation, core of the financial institution,determines the speed and direction of the financial development. The First Opium War forces China to be open to the western countries and foreign financial corporations enter into China in succession. Under the external pressure the government of Qing Dynasty formulates and implements a series of financial laws and regulations by blending western commercial bank laws with traditional China's currency and bank regulations and practice, including banking, currency, negotiable securities, insurance and other financial industry. As a result, the financial industry develops very fast. In the meantime, it blocks the financial development in a certain extent by the reasons of copying the foreign legislation, not adapting to the reality, and not having been really applied.