摘要早产分为自发性（spontaneous）早产和诱发性（indicated）早产，自发性早产包括未足月分娩发作和未足月胎膜早破（preterm premature rupture of membrane，PPROM），诱发性早产则为医源性或复杂的病理产科因素使孕母或胎儿处于不利情况时造成的。在美国，自发性早产占2／3，
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