平民政权与职业代表制——邓演达关于中国革命与政权的构想

Civilian Power and Professional Representative System

职业代表制是邓演达平民革命理论的构成部分,亦是其民权思想的重要体现。邓演达的职业代表制思想,将职业代表制视作建立平民政权的前提、组织原则和维持巩固平民政权的政治基础是对孙中山国民会议论的持续与变化。他一方面认为中国当时尚处于前资本主义阶段,一方面又强调"党"对于职业团体的组织与引导作用,主张通过"客观的阶级争斗"以造成平民政权进而实行职业代表制。这能否成为随"工业民主政治"而来的职业代表制之外又一通往职业代表制的途径,既是历史问题,也是发展中的现实问题。

As a component of Deng Yanda' s civilian revolutionary theory professional representative system is also the important embodiment of his civil rights thinking.Deng Yanda's professional representative system thinking is the continuance and change of Sun Yat-sen's National Assembly,in which professional representative system was regarded as a prerequisite for the establishment of civilian power,organizational principle and political foundation of maintenance and consolidation of civilian power.On one hand,he believed that China was still on the fore-capitalist stage at that time;on the other hand,he stressed the organizational and guiding role of'the party'for professional groups.He insisted that through'objective class struggle'a civilian power and professional representative system could be established.Whether it could become the other way to professional representative system besides the professional representative system with the'industrial democratic politics'or is not only a historical issue but also a practical problem in developing.