走向世界的中国宪政——制度与文化的百年进化

Chinese Constitutionalism on the Way to the World——the Centenary Evolution of System and Culture

本文从制度和文化的交互作用出发,探讨中国宪政在民主、法治、人权和分权四个维度上的百年进化历程。百年宪政之路表明,中国宪政要取得进步,必须首先克服"国情论"和"本土论"的误区,虚心吸取和借鉴其他国家的先进制度经验。中国只是世界文明大家庭中的一员,和其他民族与人种有着同样的人性需要和追求。这就决定了中国宪政也必然具有世界各国宪政的某些共同特点,并为了共同的人性目的而遵循某些共同的价值理念和统治规律。改革开放近三十年的历程尤其表明,中国宪政并不是世界宪政的例外,而是日益融为世界宪政大家庭中的重要组成部分。只有人民自觉拥护宪政理念并主动产生制度建设的诉求,中国宪政才能真正走向世界并为世界宪政文明贡献独特的"中国经验"。

Based on the interaction of system and culture,this paper discusses the centenary evolution of Chinese constitutionalism from four perspectives of democracy,ruling of law,human rights and separation of power.The evolution process has proved that only by overcoming the misguided 'theory of the national condition in context' and 'theory of localization',and by learning advanced systems from other countries,can we improve Chinese constitutionalism.As a member of world civilization,China has the same human needs and pursuit as other nations and ethic groups,which has decided that Chinese constitutionalism definitely bears some common features with that of other nations,and adheres to some common values and dominating rules for the same purpose of human nature.The past three decades' development of reforming and opening to the world has shown that Chinese constitutionalism is not an exception to but a major part of the world constitutionalism.Only by supporting the constitutionalism conception and by actively appealing for the system construction,shall Chinese constitutionalism find the way to the world and contribute the particular 'Chinese experience' to the world constitutionalism civilization.