国际投资条约自由化背景下防御性条款的设置——对我国BITs实践的思考

Establishment of Defensive Regulations in International Investment Treaties from Liberalization Perspectives——Pondering over BITs Practice in China

在国际投资条约自由化的趋势下,一些发展中国家相继接受了ICSID的全面管辖权、宽泛的间接征收定义等自由化条款,给国家的外资管辖权带来挑战。为此,应采取例外规定、限制间接征收等防御性条款,以保障国家基于环境、国家安全等政策的需要对外资实施必要的管制措施。自1998年以来,我国投资条约的内容日趋自由化,研究在BIT中采取适当的防御性规定、避免类似阿根廷不慎放权的教训,是当前我国BITs实践的迫切需要。

Following the trend to liberalization of international investment treaties, some developing countries have successively adopted such liberalized regulations as the complete jurisdiction and extensive indirect expropriation in ICSID, which results in the challenge to the state’s jurisdiction over foreign capital. Therefore, defensive provisions as exceptions and limitations on indirect expropriation should be regulated to guarantee the state to exercise necessary control on foreign capital for purposes of environment and state security policies. Our state’s investment treaties have been increasingly liberalized since 1998, thus, driven by BIT practice, it is urgent to research on proper adoption of defensive regulations in BIT so as to avoid the failure of incautious discharge of control in some states as Argentina.