论中世纪自然法学的神学正义观

On Theological Justice View of Natural Law in the Middle Ages

中世纪时期的自然法学家们构建了一个以上帝为核心的基督教神学正义观。这种神学正义观的基本理论框架是:从逻辑渊源上看,正义的逻辑渊源是上帝(神的理性);从现实表达来看,正义是一种正当习惯(自然法);从诉求路径来看,正义强调对上帝权威的信仰。中世纪自然法学正义观把古希腊文明中的法律理念以信仰上帝权威的方式推进到近代,为西方法律信仰的形成奠定了深刻的理念之基。

Natural law theorists in the Middle Ages have established a theological justice view by Christians taking God as the core. The basic theoretical frame of such theological justice view is shaped as follows: firstly, the logical origin of justice is God (theological rationale); secondly, justice is the justifiable custom from the actual expression perspective; and thirdly, justice enforces the belief in God's authority from path of appeal perspective. The justice view held by natural law in the Middle Ages have driven the legal belief from ancient Greek civilization into modern times through believing in God's authority, thus have laid the profound theory basis for the establishment of western legal beliefs.