日本的教师教育改革——试析近年来日本提高教师素养的政策

Reform of Teacher Education in Japan——Centered on the Present Policies of Enhancing Teachers' Competencies

日本政府的有关部门认为:80年代开始频繁出现的教育病理现象的重要原因之一在于教师的能力不足。为此,政府加快了制定提高教师素养的政策。近年来又对该类政策追加了许多新内容。但日本文部科学省公布的最新资料却表明教育病理现象依然严重存在。为解决教育病理现象而制定的该类政策到底是怎么回事?本文将综合分析考证近年来提高素养的政策,明确其现状特征、问题所在及今后的课题。

It was believed by related Japanese government departments that the educational problems frequently occurred in the 1980s in Japan resulted from the lack of teachers' competencies.As a result,policies to enhance teachers' competencies were accelerated to solve these problems.Especially in recent years,new policies were introduced.According to the documents issued by Ministry of Education,Science and Technology of Japan,however,these problems remain.How effective have the policies been? This paper outlines recent policies for enhancing teachers' competencies so as to demonstrate the features,problems of these policies and to present suggestions for future studies.