“事君数,斯辱矣;朋友数,斯疏矣”考论

On "Shi Jun Shuo Si Ru Yi Peng You Shuo Si Shu Yi" in Lunyu

古之注者解《论语》"事君数,斯辱矣;朋友数,斯疏矣"中"数"为"烦数"、"列举"、"控诉"、"不信"、"计数"五种意思。第一种意思注者最多,但是联系《论语》思想,颇有不洽;二、三两种意思也于理不合;第四种意思合乎《论语》精神,但不符训诂规则;第五种意思虽有成说,但未详论。文章以为"数"即"算计"、"谋虑"之意,此章指事君交友,如果利字当头,私心算计,必致君弃友疏之结果;只有忠信持身,才不会君绝友离。

According to many annotations,'shuo' in 'shi jun shuo si ru yi peng you shuo si shu yi' in Lunyu has five explanations: frequency,list,accusation,distrust and count.The first explanation appears the most,however,the author doesn't think it is appropriate considering the thoughts of Lunyu,nor are the second and third ones.It seems that the fourth one goes with the theme of Lunyu quite well,whereas it doesn't follow the law of scholium.As for the last one,it lacks of detailed argument.The author of this paper holds that 'shuo' means trick and contemplation,which gives an explanation to the sentence above that one can keep sound relationship with kings and friends only if he is loyal to them,otherwise he will be abandoned by them.