两广和云贵川等地区黄牛的微卫星标记遗传多样性

Genetic Diversity of Microsatellite DNA of Cattle Breeds in Guangdong,Guangxi,Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan Regions

选择12对微卫星DNA标记,采用荧光-多重PCR技术,对11个中外黄牛品种的等位基因数、基因频率、多态信息含量和遗传杂合度进行分析,以Nei's遗传距离为基础,采用非加权组对算术平均法构建了聚类图。结果表明,11个黄牛品种首先分为中外两大类:Ⅰ类是我国地方黄牛品种,Ⅱ类是3个引进品种,其中8个地方黄牛品种又可分为两个分支,云贵川高原地区的5个品种关岭黄牛、昭通黄牛、宣汉黄牛、凉山黄牛和川南山地牛聚为一支,两广与江西的3个品种涠州黄牛、徐闻牛和吉安黄牛聚为另一支,两分支聚类与品种的地理分布区域相吻合。

The genetic diversity of eight domestic cattle breeds in China and three introduced breeds were analysed by using 12 microsatellite DNA markers through fluorescence-multiplex PCR.Number of alleles,allele frequency,polymorphism information content,and heterozygosity were computed to estimate the genetic variation of each population.Based on Nei's genetic distance,the dendrogram of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average was constructed.The results showed that 11 breeds were clustered into two groups,one group were indigenous breeds,and the other were introduced breeds.Furthermore,there formed two clades among 8 native breeds,one clade was Guanling,Zhaotong,Xuanhan, Liangshan and Chuannan Mountainous in Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan plateau areas,and the other clade was Weizhou, Xuwen and Ji'an in Guangdong,Guangxi and Jiangxi regions.The clades accorded with their geographic distribution of the indigenous breeds.