三倍体九孔鲍生物学特性的初步探讨

Study on the Biological Characteristics of Triploid Haliotis Diversicolor Aquatilis

采用细胞松弛素B(Cytochalasin B)抑制九孔鲍受精卵第二极体的释放获得三倍体材料,进行三倍体与普通二倍体的生长对比试验,试验分为仔鲍和成鲍两个养殖阶段。观察了三倍体性比和性腺发育情况。结果表明,三倍体九孔鲍比普通二倍体九孔鲍具有显著的生长优势。投放的担轮幼虫经5个月培育,三倍体平均壳长可达2.25cm,壳长绝对生长量是普通二倍体的1.20倍;平均壳长3.25cm的个体经6个月培育后壳长为5.43cm,绝对增长量是普通二倍体的1.80倍。三倍体成鲍性比和二倍体没有显著差异,接近1:1;三倍体性腺发育程度较低,雌、雄性腺大小和体积比例均明显小于同期培育的二倍体成鲍。

Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis is the main kind ormer breeding in southeast coastal area of Fujian Province in China.This study try to figure out the biological characteristics of triploid Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis.We dip the fertilized egg in Cytochalasin B solution to restrain the second polar bodies expel from oosperm to induced triploid.With those materials,contrasts of growth speed and other projects were did bitween triploid and diploid Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis. The results show that the triploid have a notable advantage in growth speed.After 5 months breeding,the average shelllength improved from 0.15 cm to 2.25 cm,the total growth is 1.2 times than diploid with the same condition;After 6 months breeding,the average shell-length increased from 3.25 cm to 5.43 cm,the total growth is 1.8 times than diploid with the same condition.The sex-ratio of adut triploid is near to the diploid population,approaching 1:1.The gonad development of triploid weak than diploid both in male and female.