老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺结核62例临床诊断分析

Clinical analysis on 62 cases of COPD with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的进一步了解≥65岁的老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases,COPD)患者合并活动性肺结核的临床诊断特点。方法通过对昆明医学院第一附属医院呼吸内科2002年4月至2007年10月收治的≥65岁COPD患者842例中合并活动性肺结核者的临床资料进行回顾性、描述性研究,并应用χ2检验统计学方法分析。结果肺结核在≥65岁的COPD患者中的发病率高(约7.3%),男性多于女性,临床表现不典型,合并细菌感染多,晨痰涂片、支气管肺泡灌洗液及PCR检查阳性率高,结核抗体、PPD阳性率低,胸片和CT病灶部位及形态不典型,临床易漏诊误诊。结论年龄≥65岁的COPD患者是并发肺结核的高危人群,对临床疑有肺结核活动的老年COPD患者及时诊断可获得及早治疗,有助于改善预后。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(COPD)(≥65 years old,acute episode)with active pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods62 of COPD(≥65 years old,acute episode)with active pulmonary tuberculosis from 2002 to 2007 in hospital were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThe attack rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis is 7.3% in COPD(≥65 years old,acute episode).By Clinical analysis showed clinical manifestation and chest X-ray or CT were not typical,but positive morbility of acid-fast bacilli sputum smear and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was higher.ConclusionThe result suggests that COPD(≥65 years old,acute episode)patients are high-risk group of active pulmonary tuberculosis and need to be diagnosed early as soon as possible.