负水头灌溉对温室番茄生长、产量及品质的影响

Effects of negative pressure irrigation on the growth,yield and quality of tomato in greenhouses

针对目前水资源紧缺与蔬菜生产水分管理难的矛盾,采用负水头灌溉新型灌溉方式与传统漫灌方式进行比较,研究了2种不同灌溉方式对番茄植株生长、产量和品质的影响以及水分利用效率的差异。试验结果表明负水头灌溉方式下的番茄植株各形态指标都要优于常规漫灌,符合番茄植株对水分的需求;负水头灌溉下番茄植株光合作用与蒸腾作用都要强于常规灌溉,干物质积累与水分利用效率都要大于常规灌溉。对番茄产量与品质的测定表明负水头灌溉方式提高了番茄产量,同时提高了番茄果实内维生素C、可溶性糖及可溶性固形物的含量,降低了果实酸度,提高了糖酸比,而对果实水分、及硝酸盐的含量未产生影响。总结表明,负水头灌溉方式更适合应用于温室番茄栽培中。

According to the contradiction between water shortage and vegetable irritation management,a new irrigation method of negative pressure irrigation was compared with the traditional method.The effects of two irrigation modes on the plant growth,yield,quality and water use efficiency of tomato were studied.The results showed that the plant morphological indexes under negative pressure irrigation were better than those under the ordinary irrigation mode,and the negative pressure irrigation mode can meet the water demand of the tomato;the photosynthesis and transpiration of plant,and dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency under negative pressure irrigation were better than those under the ordinary flood irrigation,the mensuration for the yield and quality of tomato shows that the negative pressure irrigation can increase the yield,the vitamin C content,the soluble sugar content and the soluble content of tomato, decrease the acid content and increase the sugar-acid ratio of the fruit,but the fruit water content and nitrite were uninfluenced under this irrigation mode.The experiment indicates that the negative pressure irrigation mode is more suitable for tomato growth in greenhouse.