单抗固相微孔板法用于血小板交叉配合及抗体检测分析

Monoclone antibody solid platelet antibody test application in platelet cross-matching test and platelet antibody detection and analysis

目的:为了进一步提高血小板输注的疗效,减少血小板输注无效症(PTR)和输血后紫癜症(PTP)的发生率,避免宝贵血源的浪费。方法:应用单抗固相微孔板(MASPAT)法和简易致敏红细胞血小板血清学试验SEPSA法,检测患者血清中的血小板抗体,再进行血小板供者与患者之间的交叉配合试验。结果:2004年6月～2006年6月70名患者,其14名患者检出血小板(阳性率20%),其余均为阴性(80%为其他因素),χ2(54.02,P=0.0000<0.05,K=0.5664。结论:经Kappa检验,MASPAT和SEPSA2种检测方法具有良好的一致性,MASPAT法在重复性,特异性,敏感性方面均优于SEPSA法,且快速,可靠,易判断;操作规范,程序化,标准化;MASPAT法可用于临床血小板抗体的检测和交叉配合试验。

Objective:To further improve the curative effect of platelet transfusion, reduce the incidence rate of Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness(PTR)and Post Transfusion Purpura (PTP), and avoid the waste of precious blood resource. Methods:Platelet antibodies in patient serum were detected by Monoclone Antibody Solid Platelet Antibody Test (MASPAT) and Simplified Sensitized Erythrocyte Platelet Serology Assay (SEPSA ,gold standard), and then cross-matching test was carried out between platelet donor and acceptor. Results:Among 70 patients from June 2004 to June 2006, 14 patients had been tested out platelet antibodies (20% positive rate), and the rest were negative (other causes accounted for 80%), χ2:54.02, P=0.0000<0.05,K=0.5664. Conclusion:The two test methods, MASPAT and SEPSA, have been confirmed to be good concordance by Kappa test. MASPAT is superior to SEPSA on repeatability, specificity and sensitivity, and it is a fast, reliable and easily judged method. The manipulation of MASPAT is normal, programmed and standardized. MASPAT can be used in platelet antibody detection and cross-matching test.