蛋鸡笼养福利问题以及蛋鸡养殖模式

Discussion on welfare problems of caged layer and layer's rearing system in future

通过关注蛋鸡笼养发展、笼养引起的蛋鸡福利与健康问题,进一步比较了几种蛋鸡养殖模式下蛋鸡福利、生产成本、死亡率以及生产性能的情况,结果表明:不同养殖模式下蛋鸡的福利状况各有优缺点;采用欧盟所推荐的大笼饲养和自由散养蛋鸡时,蛋鸡生产成本分别会增加13％和21％;相比地面平养和自由散养,笼养蛋鸡模式下的蛋鸡死亡率相对较低,生产性能一般较高。从而提出今后我国蛋鸡养殖模式仍将会以笼养为主的观点,并在此基础上提出了一些改善笼养蛋鸡福利可以采取的措施,如笼养方式的选择、合理的鸡笼设计与安装、笼养密度的调整、饲养管理的改进以及环境条件的改善等。

The present study paid attention to the development of keeping the laying hens in cages,and the current status of welfare and health problems caused by the cage system.The layer welfare,production cost,mortality and performance were compared among some different rearing systems.The results showed that there were ad- vantages and disadvantages existed in these rearing systems:If aviary system and free—range system suggested by EU were adopted,the production cost of layers would be increased by 13% and 21%,respectively;The layer mortality under traditional cage system was the lowest compared with those under deep litter and free—range sys- tem.So a viewpoint that our country's layer rearing system will still give priority to the cage system in future was put forward,and on the basis of which,some adoptable measures were suggested in order to improve the welfare and health of caged layers,such as selection of cage style,reasonable design and installation of cages, modulation of stocking density,improvement of feed and management,and environmental conditions,etc.