大白菜(Brassica campestris L.ssp.Pekinensis)QTL定位研究进展

Advances in QTL Location of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis)

大白菜(Brassica campestris L.ssp.Pekinensis)是我国蔬菜栽培中分布最广的经济作物之一,对其重要的数量性状进行定位有着非常重大的意义。控制数量性状的基因在基因组中的位置称为数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL),数量性状是由多基因控制的。长期以来,通常将控制数量性状的多基因体系作为一个整体来研究,用平均值和方差来反映数量性状的遗传特征。随着分子生物学的发展,特别是分子标记技术的出现,已使单个QTL作用的研究成为可能。要进行QTL定位需要有较高密度的遗传图谱,迄今为止发表的大白菜分子遗传图谱中,其所用的作图群体主要为F2、RIL和DH群体,分子标记方法多为RFLP、RAPD和AFLP,图谱距离从519cM到2665.7cM不等。目前对大白菜的QTL定位主要集中在形态特征、农艺性状、抗病性等方面的定位。本文对大白菜图谱构建及QTL定位存在的问题和发展前景进行了初步的探讨。

Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis) is one of the most important economic crop and extensive cultivated vegetables. It is very important significance to locate its main quantitative trait. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) is the place where the dominant quantitative trait's gene in the genome, and quantitative trait is controlled by polygene. The polygene system which controls quantitative trait was generally studied as a whole for a long time. Average and variance were used to reflect the heredity of quantitative trait. With the development of molecular biology, especially the appearance of molecular marker, it is possible to research single QTL function. To locate QTL, it is necessary to construct a saturated genetic linkage map. In the genetic linkage maps of Chinese cabbage that have been published so far, the main mapping population were F2?RIL and DH population, the method of molecular marker were mostly RFLP, RAPD and AFLP, genetic distance was from 519cM to 2 665.7cM. At present, the QTL location of Chinese cabbage mainly focus on character of configuration, character of agriculture, character of resistance disease and so on. This review discussed several problems in construct genetic maps and QTL location at present and prospects of QTL location in the future.