退耕还林工程与农村社会发展探讨——基于河北省沽源县的实证分析

Discussion on the program of converting cropland to forestland and rural society development:Positive analysis on Guyuan County,Hebei Province

中国20世纪末开展的六大林业重点工程中,退耕还林工程涉及面最广、规模最大、投入最多、政策性最强、与农民关系最密切.工程实施以来,在产生生态、经济、社会效益的同时,与农村社会运行的关系如何,已引起社会各界的广泛关注.通过对沽源县退耕还林工程的实地调查,从农村社会结构、农村经济发展、农村人口素质、农村社会生活4个方面实证分析工程对农村社会发展的影响.退耕还林工程的实施有利于农村社会的良性运行和协调发展,但也存在一些现实问题,文章针对一些现实问题提出了有关政策建议.

Among the six key forestry projects implemented in China at the end of 20th certury, program of converting cropland to forestland is the greatest one in area, scope, investment and policy, and has close relationship with personal interests of thousands of farmers. So with the benefit of ecology, economy and society gaining, the relationship between project and country society development has been the focus of all fields of society since it being carried out. Based on fieldwork in Guyuan County, Hebei Province, the authors analysed the influence of project on rural society development from the following four aspects: social structure, economic development, population's quality and social living. It is advantageous to the run and harmonious development of rural society in the implementation of this project. However, there are still some practical questions. The paper draws out some policy suggestions.