深圳市公办园改制事件之网络民意调查及分析

Transformation of Kindergartens in Shenzhen: Internet View of the Problems and Solutions

2006学年开始﹐深圳22所市属公办幼儿园全部改为国有企业﹐原有经费也将转投全市所有幼儿园。这一转制事件在社会各界引起广泛争议和强烈反响。本研究从所有中文虚拟社区﹑网络论坛及个人博客中搜集各界对本次改制事件所发表的评论和感想﹐汇总形成一个总计48808个字的原始文本。对此进行内容分析和相关统计后发现﹕(1)网络主流民意对转制持反对态度﹐并从国家发展战略﹑政府职能﹑教师工作性质﹑国企改革﹑幼儿教育生存和发展以及受害者受益者等角度作了分析。(2)有部分人士支持改制﹐并认为这将有利于公平竞争﹑优胜劣汰以及能让政府教育资源分配更合理﹑公平。(3)网友提出改制后政府亟需解决两大配套机制问题﹕一是财政拨款及其再分配机制﹐二是私营幼儿园盈利及质量监管机制。最后﹐本文分析比较了深圳和香港两地幼教经费的投入差距,并讨论了深圳幼儿教育可能的发展方向。

22 public kindergartens in Shenzhen ceased to receive public subsidy since September 2006 and were therefore transformed into self-funded enterprises. This transformation has given rise to much controversy. The present study collected all views presented in Chinese online forums, blogs, and virtual communities and archived a text of 48808 words. Content and statistic analyses found that: 1. most of the views are against the transformation by pinpointing the possible problems caused to national strategic plan, government function, the nature of teacher's professional, and the development of early childhood education (ECE) and so on; 2. some argue for the transformation as it is believed to bring out fair competition and reasonable distribution of educational resources; 3. two 'post hoc' mechanisms are suggested to be established: one is for re-distributing the limited resources among all the kindergartens and the other one for monitoring the profit-making level and quality assurance in individual setting. In addition, the social difference in governmental input in ECE between Shenzhen and Hong Kong are analyzed and the implication for future development are discussed.