1998-2003年福州市婴幼儿腹泻的病原谱及耐药谱的变迁

Changes of Pathogen and Antimicrobial Resistance of Infants' Diarrhea in Fuzhou City from 1998 to 2003

目的 了解近年来福州市婴幼儿细菌性腹泻的病原谱及耐药谱的变迁。方法 用选择性培养基分离细菌及真菌,以全面系统的生化反应、诊断血清、诊断胶乳、显色培养基等鉴定分离菌,以K -B纸片法作药敏试验。结果 1998-2 0 0 3年病原菌总检出率为63 . 1% ,病原性大肠埃希菌检出率为5 .1% ,沙门菌为2 . 4% ,克雷伯菌为2 5 .2 % ,酵母菌为2 2 . 2 % ,枸椽酸杆菌为7 1%。病原性大肠埃希菌及沙门菌耐药率最低者为妥布霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢三嗪、头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、头孢唑啉。结论 与1996和1997年比较,志贺痢疾杆菌近年未曾检出,条件致病菌克雷伯菌、酵母菌、枸椽酸杆菌的检出率显著升高。病原性大肠埃希菌及沙门菌的抗生素耐药性趋于严重,对利福平、红霉素和青霉素G已10 0 %耐药。

Objective To survey changes of infants' bacteria diarrhea and antimicrobial resistances in Fuzhou city. Methods Bacteria and fungi were isolated by selective cultures and detected by systematic biochemical reactions,diagnostic serum,diagnostic latex and chromogenic media. Antimicrobial sensitivities were tested by K-B disc agar diffusion method. Results The total detective rate of pathogenic bacteria was 63.1%. The detective rate of pathogenic E.coli was 5.1%.Salmonella's was 2.4%. Klebsiella's was 25.2%.Candida's was 22.2%.Citrobacter's was 7.1%. Pathogenic E.coli and Salmonella showed highly susceptible to tobramycin, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefoprazone, cefotaxime and cefazolin. Conclusions The detective rates of conditional pathogenic bacteria significantly rose,with the comparison to the results of the year of 1996 and 1997.The pathogenic E.coli and salmonella show the higher resistance to antimicrobial,with 100% resistance rates to rifampin, erythromycin and penicillin G.