高性能战斗机大强度飞行对飞行员生理指标及飞行劳动负荷主观评价的影响

Effects of high intensity flight on physiological indices and subjective evaluation of high performancefighter pilots

目的观察高性能战斗机大强度飞行对飞行员的生理指标及飞行劳动负荷主观评价的影响。方法5名健康男性高性能战斗机飞行员在1个飞行日内共进行22架次的大强度飞行。记录飞行过程中的心电信号，分析心率及心率变异性（heart rate variability，HRV）；飞行后进行飞行劳动负荷和疲劳程度主观评价。结果飞行员大强度飞行时，随着飞行负荷的降低，心率和HRV频域及时域指标呈现一定的规律性变化。心率在夜问较日问低；夜间校正高频功率（high frequency normalized unit，HFnu）高于日间，校正低频功率（low frequency normalized unit，LFnu）及低频高频比值（LF／HF）则低于日问。飞行员飞行劳动负荷及疲劳程度主观评价分值均较低，没有明显的主观疲劳感。结论高性能战斗机大强度飞行对飞行员生理指标有一定影响，但尚未引起飞行疲劳。合理的飞行安排及有力的航卫保障有利于飞行员身体机能的恢复，预防飞行疲劳，保障飞行安全。

Objective To investigate the effects of high intensity flight on physiological indicesand subjective evaluation of flight work load of high performance fighter pilot. Methods Five healthy male military pilots executed 22 high intensity flights in one day. Electrocardiograph was recorded during flight, and heart rate and heart rate variability （HRV） were analyzed. Flight work load and subjective fatigue feeling were evaluated by pilots themselves. Results During high intensity flight, heart rate and HRV showed an apparent circadian rhythm. Heart rate, low frequency normalized unit （LFnu） and ratio of low and high frequency （LF/HF）in night time were lower than those in day time, but high frequency normalized unit （HFnu）. There was no obvious subjective fatigue feeling commented by pilots. Conclusions High intensity flight of high performance fighter pilots has some effects on physiological indices, but no flight fatigue so far. Rational disposition of flight and adequate aeromedical support could be beneficial to pilo＇s recovery and the alleviation of flight fatigue.