黑龙江省大庆市生态风险评价研究

Ecological risk assessment of Daqing City in Heilongjiang Province.

为保障大庆市的生态安全,利用该市1978、1988、1992、1996、2001年5个时段的MSS和TM影像,以GIS技术为数据集成分析平台,获取20余年不同时期的土地利用信息.在此基础上,引入层次分析法,确定不同土地利用类型的生态风险的权重值,构造不同时段综合生态风险指数.利用空间采样法和空间插值法,表达大庆市区域生态风险的时空动态分布特征.结果表明,1978—2001年,大庆市的生态风险除了个别集中治理的区域有所减轻外,总体上强度和范围都不断增大;1988—2001年生态风险区域分布的不均匀性增大,大庆市内形成了2个高生态风险区.根据分析结果,提出了大庆市生态环境的重点保护与治理区及相应的土地利用与生态建设对策.

The study is based on MSS and TM image during five periods of 1978,1988,1992,1996 and 2001 in Daqing City,northeastern Heilongjian Province.This study uses GIS technology as the data integration analysis platform and obtains land utilization information in different periods of 20 years.The authors determine the weight values of the ecological risk from different land use patterns by analytic hierarchy process and construct integrated ecological risk index of different periods.Sampling method and Block Kriging was conducted to express the spatio-temporal dynamic characteristics and distribution of ecological risk in the study area.The results indicate that the strength and scope of ecological risk in the study area increased significantly from 1978 to 2001,and its spatial distribution became more uneven from 1988 to 2001.Two areas with high ecological risk were formed in this region.Based on the results,the most important regions of eco-environmental protection in Daqing City were determined,and the strategies for land use and eco-environmental establishment were put forward.