长白山阔叶红松林大样地木本植物组成及主要树种的生物量

Woody species composition and biomass of main tree species in a 25 hm^2 plot of broad-leaved and Korean pine mixed forests of Changbai Mountain,northeast China.

在长白山阔叶红松林25 hm2森林大样地的基础上,研究阔叶红松林木本植物组成,同时应用徐振邦等关于阔叶红松林主要树种的干、枝、叶生物量与其胸径的相关关系公式以及地上地下的生物量关系,直接推算阔叶红松林中红松、紫椴、蒙古栎、水曲柳、色木槭的生物量,进而得到单位面积的生物量.结果表明,长白山阔叶红松林25 hm2样地内胸径≥1 cm的木本植物共51个种,59 158个活的个体.5种主要树种的生物量以紫椴最高,为101 039.489kg/hm2;红松次之,为81 012.335 kg/hm2.水曲柳为54 767.362 kg/hm2,蒙古栎为35 035.157 kg/hm2,色木槭最低,为22 921.594 kg/hm2.对比分析以往的生物量测定结果,除了水曲柳的生物量外,笔者的测定结果都远高于徐振邦等的测定结果,紫椴的生物量高了近2倍,红松和蒙古栎的生物量都高了1倍.测定结果的不同可能源于大的取样面积及精准的仪器应用提高了对单位面积植物组成及其数量测定的精度,加之20年的植物生长以及全球变化等一系列因素的影响.

Based on a 25 hm^2 plot of broad-leaved and Korean pine mixed forests of Changbai Mountain,northeast China,woody species composition and biomass of 5 main tree species were measured.The results show that there are 51 woody species and 59 158 living individuals.Biomass of Tilia amurensis is the greatest((101 039.489) kg/hm^2),followed by Pinus koraiensis(81 012.335 kg/hm^2),Fraxinus mandshurica((54 767.362) kg/hm^2) and Quercus mongolica(35 035.157 kg/hm^2),and in last place Acer mono((22 921.594) kg/hm^2).Our results of biomass measurement are all higher than those by Xu Zhenbang et al except for F.mandshurica.The differences might come from several reasons: 1)different sampling area.Our 25 hm^2 big plot and total station application assure the measuring precision of species composition and the individual number in a given area;2) trees had grown for 20 years;3) global climate changes affected tree growth.