对两个森林地表火蔓延改进模型的研究

Improvement of forest surface fire spread models.

经过几十年的探索,国内外林火研究人员利用室内试验及野外火烧试验,对不同环境下森林地表火蔓延模型进行了研究,总结推导出许多地表火蔓延的经验模型及半经验模型.该文简要回顾了地表火蔓延模型研究的发展过程.在实际应用中,减少模型的参数可以简化计算.一些研究者针对较常用的Rothermel模型,在火场蔓延形状及蔓延速率计算公式的改进上做了有益的尝试.该文针对其中的两个改进方法提出了一些观点,认为其中一个算法与原算法相比,改进不大,而另一个改进算法则在推导过程中存在逻辑上的错误.

Forest fire spread models under different environments have been studied for many years and experimental and semi-empirical models for predicting surface fire spread have been set up.The development of forest surface fire spread models is briefly reviewed in this paper.To decrease the number of model parameters and make the calculation simpler,we improve the formulas for the shape and rate of Rothermel model and put forward some viewpoints on two forest fire spread models.The authors think there is little improvement in one model and a logic mistake in another.