骨髓干细胞的可塑性研究进展

Progress on Plasticity of Bone Marrow Stem Cell

成体干细胞在体内特定的微环境或体外人工培养条件下具有极强的可塑性分化潜能,其主要功能是负责组织细胞的生理性更新和病理性修复．骨髓组织中包括产生所有成熟血细胞系的造血干细胞(HSCs)、多潜能成体祖细胞和能分化为骨、软骨、脂肪的间充质干细胞(MSCs),这些细胞时还有向造血和骨髓以外的其他类型的成熟细胞分化如神经、肌肉、皮肤、心、肝、肾、肺等分化的能力．对最近几年国内外关于骨髓干细胞可塑性的实验研究进展作简要综述．

Adult stem cells are remarkably plastic in their developmental potential when exposed to new mi- croenviroments or cultured in vitro.The primary roles of adult stem cells in a living organism are to maintain and repair tissue in which they are found.Bone marrow contains hematopoietie stem cells (HSCs),which dif- ferentiated into every type of mature blood cells;muhipotent adult progenitor ceils (MAPCs);and mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),which can differentiate into mature cell of mutiple mesenchymal tissues including bone, cartilage and fat.They also have ability to differentiate into additional mature,nonhematopoietic cells of nerve, skeletal muscle,skin,myocytes of heart,liver,kidney and lung.The experimental progress of research about the plasticity of bone marrow stem cells in the last few years are reviewed.