B染色体起源的研究进展

Advances in the Studies on the Origin of B Chromosomes

B染色体(简写为Bs)起源的传统观点是认为它起源于携带者所在物种的基因组.目前又发现了许多新的证据来推测Bs的起源.它可能具有两种起源:种内起源和种间起源(起源于另一物种的基因组),且有证据表明同一物种的Bs可能是多次起源,同时对Bs的起源机制也作了总结.认为B8起源的研究已取得了一定的进展,但要给Bs起源下一个确切的结论仍需要大量的实验证据.

The most widely accepted view about the origin of B chromosomes(Bs) is that they are derived from the standard A chromosomes (As) of their host species. Recently new evidence has been found to speculate B origin. Two possible origins of Bs are described: origination from the genome of their host species (intraspecies origin) or from the genome of a closely related species(interspecies origin). Moreover, some evidence indicate that Bs in the same species may have multiple origin. In addition, the mechanism of B origin is summarized. Though great progress have been made on the study of B origin, a great many experiments are still needed to make an exact conclusion of B origin.