“退出高考”以市场治理市场——论在考试行政中政府应该做什么并且怎么做(二)

Withdraw from the University Entrance Examination so as to Make the Market Manage Itself——What and How the Government should do in the Administration of Examinations (Ⅱ)

今日之现状是一个“高考市场”(高考社会)的问题。如果承认它,政府就要学会“退出”具体的考务,并使所管辖的中小学与高考脱钩,另一方面也能使学校健康发展。政府要做的事是,施行社会化考试制度,颁定考试标准及其难度,并培育中介性的考试专业机构。我的观点是,高考竞争是市场的问题；同时,我建议提供教育、制定考试政策的行政部门(包括考试院)退出高考,这在文中是作出特别说明的,是一种新公共管理或公共政策分析的视角。在我国,治理教育与考试的问题太需要换一个视角了!

The current situation is a question of“a market of University Entrance Examination”(a society of University Entrance Examination).Once admit it,the government ought to begin to“withdraw”from the specific affairs in examination, make the elementary schools and the secondary schools which are controlled by the government break away from the examination,it also can make healthy de- velopment in schools.What the government should do are such things:carry out the social system of exam,enact the standard and the difficulties of exam,foster the professional intermediate institutions of exam.In my opinion,the competition of University Entrance Examination is a question concerned with market;mean while I suggest the administrative departments (including the Municipal Educa- tional Examinations Authority) who provide education and enact the educational policies quit the exam.Such opinion which is discussed from a viewpoint of New Public Management or Public Policy Analysis is interpreted specially in this ar- ticle.In China,it really needs to change an angle of view when we solve the problem between education and exam.