讲授法在外科学教学中应用的改进

The improvement in the application of instructing method in surgical teaching

讲授法具有悠久的历史。但由于不利于学生主体作用的发挥和创造能力的培养而倍受批评;相对于探究式的学习它有不足之处,但在医学教育的教学中还是有用武之地的,外科疾病的机理、诊断和治疗原则通过教师的讲解学生容易理解;在讲授中结合具体内容适当变化模式,树立以学生为中心的观念,采取互动模式,讲授间歇学生可以发言,对讲授内容进行讨论,建立平等、活跃、互相尊重的师关生系,发挥学生的自主性、能动性和创造性。利用各种教学辅助措施讲解可以提高教学效果。

The instructing method has been used for a long time.However,it is severely criticized for it restrains students from learning actively and from fostering their creative abilities.Compared with the inquiry learning,the instructing method has some disadvantages,but it still plays an important role in medical teaching.It makes students to understand the mechanisms of surgical diseases and the principles of diagnoses and treatments easily by teachers' explanations.In the instructing teaching process, incorporating the specific teaching contents,teachers take the student - centered and teacher - student interaction teaching model to encourage students to express their own ideas,to discuss the teaching contents,and to establish an equal,active and mutual respect teacher - student relationship in the class.Therefore,the instructing method incorporated with other supplementary teaching measures can improve the teaching effects by fostering students to learn actively and creatively.