略论宋神宗的官制改革思想

Song Shenzong’s reforming idea of the civil service system

宋神宗是北宋元丰年间官制改革的主要策划者和领导者。作为最高决策者,他利用自己的权力和个人意志,对官制改革的方向和内容都施加了强大的影响,使元丰改制按照自己的设计进行。而指导神宗进行官制改革的理论,正是他在特定的历史条件下形成的一整套官制改革思想。神宗在这一改制思想的指引下,实现了“名实相符”,恢复了三省制度,官制改革的任务基本完成。然而,宋神宗的改制思想存在诸多偏差,同时他又不能完全摆脱祖宗家法的制约,造成元丰官制存在较多弊病,直接导致元丰改制成为一次不成功的官制改革。

Song Shenzong charged the Yuanfeng reform by himseK, and his own idea of the reform, which had developed under the special situation, strongly affected the reform. However, Yuanfeng reform became a not successful one due to the limitations of his reforming idea.