摘要
语言教师长期以来一直习惯于凭自己的教学经验及对学生的了解编写试题。人们对于这种传统的编写课堂练习和设计试卷的方法是否具有科学性、可靠性和有效性提出了质疑。本文依据Alderson等作者的《语言测试的设计与评估》一书的内容,勾画了语言测试的设计与评估过程的主要框架:从起草考试大纲、命题与审题,到施考,直至最后的成绩报道、考后分析报告等一系列必要的环节。文章对我国大规模语言考试所经历的变化和发展进行了回顾与反思,也展望了语言测试的发展趋势。语言教学与测试设计人员将从这本书中得到有益的启示。
The fact that language teachers have long been accustomed to writing tests based on their experience in teaching and their understanding of students has been under questioning: whether the conventional way of designing classroom exercises and tests is scientific, reliable or valid. The article sketches out the whole picture of the three essential procedures in the construction and evaluation of language test depicted by J. C. Alderson et al, from the drawing up of the initial test specifications, the writing of the test items, the administering of the test, the marking of the test papers, the assessment of the test reliability and validity, to the reporting of test scores and feedback. It follows with a retrospective, introspective and prospective review of the changes and developments in language test that have been underway in China, and the insight and benefits language teachers and test writers will get from the book.
