动态语境与语境洽商

Dynamic Context and Contextual Negotiation

本文分四部分,第1部分概述古今中外对语境的看法和研究。第2部分是语境的详细分类。第3部分讨论语境的功能。第4部分讨论"动态语境"和"认知语用推理"。我们既重视静态语境,更重视动态语境。我们认为交际是"互动意义"的生成和理解,它一方面以动态的洽商和语境领悟为基础,另一方面以基本"给定"语境为出发点,在"明示推进交际"中动态而高效地推导隐含前提和隐含结论。文章最后提出微观或宏观地研究动态语境的各种途径的设想。

This paper cuts into 4 sections,the first giving an overview of various views about context of Chinese and foreign people of the present and the past,the second a minute classification of context,the third a discussion of contextual functions,and the fourth section,the most important part,dealing with contextual dynamics and cognitive-pragmatic inference.Static context,we confess,is by no means unimportant,but we attach more importance to dynamic context,because,as we hold,communication is based on interactive meaning generation and interpretation on the one hand,and on dynamic negotiation and interpretation of context on the other,and all communication starts from a certain relevant given context,and following the ostensive-inference model,dynamically and effectively arrives at the invisible implicit premise(s) and implicit conclusion.The paper finishes with a proposal of a micro-and macro-survey of dynamic context by later researches or other researchers.