培矮64S育性表达的温敏感部位研究

Studies on Thermo-sensitive Part of Pei'ai 64S Relating to Its Fertility Expression

培矮 64S在育性转换敏感期 (Ⅳ～Ⅵ期 )主茎幼穗长为 0 .70～ 9.3 4cm ,顶叶叶枕距为 - 2 0 .0～ - 3 .5cm ,穗尖离地面距离为 2 .77～ 15 .5 6cm ,穗尖离第一节距离为 6.70～ 19.92cm ,分蘖上述四项指标值均小于主茎指标值。敏感期幼穗感受自然低气温 (平均日均温 2 1.6℃ ) ,表现为可育 ,花粉可染率为 2 1.8% ,套袋结实率为11.3 % ;感受人工恒定较高水温 ( 2 5℃ ) ,表现为不育 ,花粉可染率为 0 .4 % ,套袋结实率为 0 ,表明敏感期幼穗为其育性表达的温敏感部位。另外 ,在低气温条件下 (平均日均温 2 1.6℃ ) ,敏感期淹深水极显著降低可育性表达 ,花粉可染率为 2 .7% (对照为 2 1.1% ) ,套袋结实率为 0 .2 % (对照为 10 .4 % )。

During the thermo-sensitive stage of the fertility alteration of Pei'ai 64S, the length of its main panicles ranged from 0.70 to 9.34 cm, the distance between its cushion of flag leaf and that of the next leaf from -20.0 to -3.5 cm, the height of its panicle peak above the soil surface from 2.77 to 15.56 cm, and the distance between its panicle peak and the first node from 6.70 to 19.92 cm. When its panicle was treated with low air temperature (21.6℃), it was fertile with stained pollens of 21.8% and bagged seed set rate of 11.3%, on the other hand, when its panicle was treated with higher water temperature (25℃),it was sterile with stained pollens of only 0.4% and bagged seed set rate of zero. Therefore, its panicle was the thermo-sensitive part refered to its fertility expression. Additionally, under the condition of low air temperature (21.6℃), Pei'ai 64S was treated with deep water (21 cm), its fertility decreased with stained pollens of 2.7%, which was much less than that of control (21.1%), and with bagged seed set rate of 0.2%, much less than that of control (10.4%).