若干杀虫剂、除草剂对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子萌发的影响

Effect of Some Pesticides and Herbicides on the Germination of Verticillium lecanii

本研究测定 12种杀虫剂和 5种除草剂对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子萌发的影响。结果表明 ,杀虫剂绿宝及菜蛾敌两品种与蜡蚧轮枝菌完全兼容 ,在 50倍下未检出有杀伤作用。天霸对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子萌发无明显影响 ,,安全值 (LC50 与田间使用浓度之比 )较高 ( 11.4 9) ,可与蜡蚧轮枝菌兼容使用。先力、一遍净对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子萌发有一定的影响 (LC50 分别为 2 .4 86× 10 - 3 和 1.163× 10 - 4) ,安全值为 6.9- 7.5,可在一定程度上兼容使用。万灵、氯氰菊酯、敌杀死、功夫乳油、虫死净、速蚧克、来福灵等对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子萌发有较大抑制作用 ,LC50 分别为 5.93× 10 - 4、3.17× 10 - 5、5.93×10 - 6、2 .2 2× 10 - 6、9.52× 10 - 5、5.15× 10 - 5、1.77× 10 - 5,安全值为 0 .1～ 2 .6,不能与蜡蚧轮枝菌同时使用。除草剂中 ,只有玉农乐对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子萌发无影响 ,高效盖草能、除草醚、苄嘧黄隆和喹禾灵对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子有抑制作用 ,LC50 分别为 1.74 0× 10 - 4,1.881× 10 - 4、5.94 3× 10 - 5,2 .90 8× 10 - 5,安全值较低 ( 1.61- 0 .2 9)。功夫乳油、虫死净、速蚧克、喹禾灵、来福灵、敌杀死、除草醚等在田间使用浓度下 ,虽对蜡蚧轮枝菌孢子的杀伤力较大 ,但在田间经日光等分解下 ,杀伤性可很快减弱 ,2～ 4d?

The effect of 12 pesticides and 5 herbicides on the germination of conidia of Verticillium lecanii were investigated in this paper. The results showed: pesticide “Lu bao”(Avermectin) and “Cai e di (Bt.+ Avermectin )can be compatible with Verticillium lacanii completely. “Tian ba”(Bt. WP) has slight suppression effect on the Verticillium lecanii (LC 50 =7.18×10 -3 , Safety value = 11.49) and can be used together. “Xian li”(Bt. Water dispersal formulation) and Imidacloprid (WP) have some suppressive effect on Verticillium lecanii (LC 50 : 2.486×10 -3 and 1.163×10 -4 ) and can be used together in some extension (S =6.9-7.5). “Wan ling”(Lannate), Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Cyhalothrin, “Chong si jing” “Shu jie ke”, Esfenvalerate have high suppression effect (LC 50 : 5.93×10 -4 、3.17×10 -5 、5.93×10 -6 、2.22×10 -6 、9.52×10 -5 、5.15×10 -5 、1.77×10 -5 )on Verticillium lecanii and can not be used together (S=1-2.6). Among the herbicides, only Nicosulfuron has no any suppression to Verticillium lecanii. Then haloxyfop R methyl, Nitrofen, Bensulfuron methyl and Quizalofop ethyl have suppression to Vertillium lecanii (LC 50 : 1.740×10 -4 ,1.881×10 -4 、5.943×10 -5 ,2.908×10 -5 ) and have no compatiblity with Verticillium lecanii (S= 1.61-0.29). But the toxicity can be reduced in the field and the germination rate can reach to 87-93% after exposed 2 to 4 days at the application concentration in the field although those chemicals are high toxic to Verticillium lecanii. The interval duration such as 2-4 days should be take consideration in the field application.