中国微波遥感技术的发展及其在我国西部开发中的作用

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES IN CHINA AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE EXPLOITURE OF WEST REGION CHINA

微波遥感由于具有重要的特点，在对地观测中很受重视，已成为全球尺度上获取海洋、大气及一些陆地信息的最重要手段．国际上以微波遥感的四种基本型为基础发展了几十种强功能、多用途的遥感器及其应用途径．我国从国家需求出发，在国家“六五”、“七五”和“八五”、“九五”及“８６３”计划中都加强了它的研究，取得了很好的研究成果．本文在详细讨论这些成果的基础上，着重讨论了我国航天微波遥感发展的若干问题，并根据我国需求及国际发展动向，特别是在国防建设和西部开发的需求情况，提出了若干发展领域设想．

The microwave techniques have been considered as an important techniques in Earth observation because its unique characteristics. They have been applied to acquire information from ocean, atmosphere and land in global scale very efficiently. Tens of microwave sensors have been developed from four basic types, i.e. radar scattermeter, radar altimeter, radiometer and SAR. At the same time, more and more applications have been exploited. In China, a lot of good results have been achieved through the research in the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth 'five-year- plan' and 863 high-tech research and development program. The authors propose some tentative ideas based on the achieved results to meet the demand of west exploitation and national defence construction.