利用籼粳杂交非F_1有利优势创造优质高产水稻新品种

Breeding rice varieties of high quality and yield using favorable vigors in non\|F 1 hybrid between lndica\|japonica hybridization

参加福建省水稻育种攻关的 18年间 ,先后育成 8个水稻新品种 ,均通过福建省作物品种审定委员会审定。其中 ,籼粳亚种间杂交育成品种 3个 ,籼籼品种间杂交育成品种 5个。另外 ,4个品种通过福建省区试 ,两个籼粳交育成品系通过泉州市技术鉴定。还育成一批有希望的优质早稻新品系。文章重点就籼粳亚种间杂交育种材料的选用和亲本利用、杂种后代评价、理想株形与有利优势相结合及抗瘟筛选与抗性育种同步进行等主要技术的改进进行了论述。并对未来育种提出了进一步发掘籼粳亚种间杂交优势 。

Eight newly\|bred rice varieties have been examined and approved by Fujian Provincal Agricultural Crop Varieties Examination Organization in the past 18 years. Among them,3 varities were bred by the way of indica crossing with japonica,5 varities were bred from indica\|indica hybridization. Additionally, 4 varities passed Fujian Provincal Region Trial,and 2 varities bred by indica\|japonica hybridization were examined in Quanzhou city. Many new lines of early rice with high quality and yield have been got.Some main technological improvements have been explicated in this article,i.e. the parents selection and utilization of breeding material of indica\|japonica crossing,the evaluation of the hybrid generation,the combination of ideal plant type and the superiority utilization,and the synchronization of selecting blast resistance and breeding new varieties. The future breeding strategy about the superiority utilization of indica\|japonica hybridization and the study of characters of high quality rice and adjustment for the characters indexes of breeding are also discussed.