强化固溶对2014铝合金组织与性能的影响

Effect of strengthening solution on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 2014

铸锭中粗大的第二相和非平衡结晶析出的粗大晶界共晶相具有组织“遗传”效应,常规的铸锭均匀化、铸锭变形加工以及变形态的固溶处理工艺可以提高合金元素的均匀化程度和在铝基体中的固溶度,达到减少粗大第二相和共晶相造成不利影响的目的,但传统的热处理工艺不能彻底消除粗大的第二相,制约了合金性能,通过铸锭强化均匀化和变形组织的强化固溶处理,可以基本消除粗大的第二相,大幅度提高合金的性能,对2014铝合金的研究结果表明,与常规热处理相比,强度提高10％以上,σ_b,σ_(0.2)分别达到531 MPa和471 MPa,此时延伸率仍达到10％。

The coarse second phases and coarse eutectie phases precipitated during nonequilibrium crystalization of ingots have the effect of structural heredity. Conventional ingot homogenization, deformation processing and solution treatment of deformed structures can enhance the homogenization degree and the solution degree of alloy elements in aluminium matrix in order to reduce the harmfull effect of the coarse second phases and eutectic phases. However, the conventional heat treatment technology carl not eliminate all coarse second phases and thus limit the further improvement of alloy properties. By means of both the reinforced homoge.nization of ingots and the strengthening solution of deformed structures, coarse second phases can be basically removed and the mechanical properties of alloys are improved greatly. The investigation results of aluminium alloy 2014 show that, compared with conventional heat-treatment, itsstrength increase by more than 10% and σ_b, σ_(0.2) reach 531 MPa and 471 MPa respectively. And the elongation percentage still keeps 10%.