生物技术在满江红研究中的应用

Application of biotechniques to the investigation on Azolla

满江红是起源于后白垩纪的水生蕨类与固氮蓝藻的共生体 ,已在中国与东南亚各国养殖与利用达数百年之久。本世纪 70年代“有机农业”的兴起使人们更加重视满江红的研究与利用。作者回顾了 80年代中期以来福建省农科院红萍研究中心利用单克隆抗体、扫描电镜、密度梯度离心、显微操作与有性杂交育种等生物技术所进行的红萍体内鱼腥藻分类鉴定、萍藻重建共生体、红萍体内鱼腥藻的体外培养和红萍有性杂交育种等方面的研究成果 ,并简述了国际同行的相关研究工作。

Azolla is an association of aquatic fern and N 2\|fixing cyanobacteria, which originated in late Chalk Period.For its high suitability in paddy ecosystem, the farmers in China and Southeast Asian countries have cultured and used it for several centries.The “organic agriculture” which was risen in 1970s brought to a widespread attention on the investigation and utilization of Azolla .The author reviewed the application of biotechniques, such as monoclonal antibody, scanning electron\|microscopy, density gradient centrifugation, micro\|manipulation and sexual hybridization to the classification and identification of Anabaena azollae, re establishment of Anabaena free Azolla with Anabaena azollae, in vitro cultivation of Anabaena azollae and sexual hybridization of azolla, started from middle 1980s and the received achievements.The relative investigations of the collegues in whole world range were also briefly introduced.