双尾蚜属的种类与地理分布

SPECIES OF DIURAPHIS AIZENBERG (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND THEIR GEOGRAPGIC DISTRIBUTION

双尾蚜属Ｄｉｕｒａｐｈｉｓ Ａｉｚｅｎｂｅｒｇ 全世界记录１３ 种， 主要分布在古北界和新北界。根据种类丰富度和特有种成分， 欧亚大陆的欧洲和中亚为该属蚜虫的现代第一分布中心， 北美为第二分布中心。本文提供了该属所有１３ 个种的分种检索表。双尾蚜属蚜虫在中国共有７ 种， 主要分布在蒙新区。它们是： 麦双尾蚜Ｄｉｕｒａｐｈｉｓ ｎｏｘｉａ （ Ｍｏｒｄｖｉｌｋｏ） ， 害冰麦双尾蚜Ｄ． ｎｏｃｉｖａ Ｚｈａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｌｉａｎｇ ， 冰草麦蚜Ｄ．（ Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ） ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎｏｐｈａｇａ Ｚｈａｎｇ， 披碱草蚜Ｄ．（ Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ） ｅｌｙｍｏｐｈｉｌａ Ｚｈａｎｇ， 西方麦蚜Ｄ．（ Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ） ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｓ（ Ｗａｌｋｅｒ） ， 雀麦蚜Ｄ．（ Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ） ｂｒｏｍｉｃｏｌａ Ｈｉｌｌｅ Ｒｉｓ Ｌａｍｂｅｒｓ 和绒毛草蚜Ｄ．（ Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ） ｈｏｌｃｉ（Ｈｉｌｌｅ Ｒｉｓ Ｌａｍｂｅｒｓ） 。对中国种类进行了简要描述。

Diuraphis Aizenberg including 13 species distributes mainly in Palaearctic and Neoarctic realms. Based on the abundance of species and the endemic species, it is proposed that Euroasia is the primary distribution center of the genus and North America comes secondary. The geographic distribution of Diuraphis in the world is mapped out and a key to these species is given based on morphological characteristics of adults of apterous viviparous female. Seven species identified from collections in the northwest and north regions of China, Diuraphis noxia, D. nociva, D. (Holcaphis) holci, D. (Holcaphis) agropyronophaga, D. (Holcaphis) frequens, D. (Holcaphis) bromicola and D. (Holcaphis) elymophila , are briefly diagnosed. They distribute mainly in Meng Xin region (Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, and Inner Mongolia) in northwestern China.