黄河故道及豫西山区苹果栽培农业气候因素对比分析

Comparative analysis of agroclimatic factors releatedto apple culture in the old Yellow River course region and west Henan

黄河故道地区年均气温与果实成熟期日均气温均较豫西山区高，夏秋多雨，湿度偏大－ 树体表现枝叶生长旺盛且时期长，成花难，结果晚，树冠易郁闭；果实单果重大，但品质差，病虫害严重－ 生产上应适度控制营养生长，建立良好的群体和个体结构，降低果实成熟期的气温，提高叶片光合能力，减少消耗。

The diferences of agroclimatic factors between the old Yellow River course region and western mountainous districts of Henan and the growing and bearing characters of apple trees were investigated.The results showed,the mean annual atmosphere temperature and mean daily atmosphere temperature during ripening period were higher in the old Yellow River course region than that in the western mountainous districts.The precipitation during summer and autumn,the atmosphere moisture during the growing season appeared the same characteristics.In the old Yellow River course region,the growth of apple shoots and leaves were very vigorious and stoped late so it was difficult to farm flower buds,the first bearing period of the young apple tree came late and the crown of big tree became dense easily.The mean individual fruit weight was relatively large,but its quality worse and the damages of diseases and insects serious.It is necessary in practice to control suitalby vegetative growth and build better populational and individual tree structures.In order to increase the synthesis and accumulation of carbon assimilates,the atmosphere temperature during fruit ripening period should be reduced.