略论“同志”、“先生”的英汉文化内涵

Cultural Distinctions and Connotations Reflected on "Comrade" and "Teacher" in both English and Chinese

英、汉两种语言中有许多词义对应的词汇，但由于英、汉语言在政治、历史、宗教、信仰、社会习俗、价值观念等方面具有累世承袭发展起来的民族个性差异，因而词义近似的词并不能对等表意，交际中往往达不到意想的效果。英语教师务必要将文化教学贯穿英语教学始终，培养学生的文化意识，注重文化差异，排除交际障碍。

Many words or expressions in both English and Chinese seem to be lexically equivalent, but they don't convey ereiprocal meanings due to their different specific characters formed and developed centuries long in thed respetive cultures such as politics, histories, religions, beiefs, customs, value and etc. Therefore,no effective communication can be achieved by using them. An English teacher should see that culture initiation is carried through the whole process of English - teaching, so as to help students to be of cultural awareness, to pay attention to cultural distinctions thus to remove cultural obstacles to communication.