一所运动技术学院体操运动员营养状况的调查与评价

A Survey and Evaluation of Nutrition Status for Gymnasts in a School of Sporting Technicality

为了调整一所运动技术学院体操运动员的膳食结构,以增强他(她)的体能,进行了一次营养调查。调查结果显示,他们摄入动物性食物太多,而植物性食物,尤其蔬菜和水果太少。摄入脂肪过多,但糖类过少。膳食Ca、Fe和Zn摄入过少或不足。VA、VB1、VB2和Vc摄入不够,且尿生化检查表明Vc缺乏。暗适应测定显示有VA缺乏。10-15岁组男性中有67％,女性18％,而16-22岁女性组中有20％的HB低于参考值。所有这些结果都表明,运动员的膳食结构不合理,需调整。

To adjust dietary structure for gymansts in a school of sporting technicality in order to increase their physical strength, a nutrition survey was carried out. The results of survey showed that the intakes of animal food in their diet were excessive, while the plant foods intakes, especialy vegetables and fruits, were too little. Intake of fat, especially animal fat, was surplus, but the intake of carbohydrate was low. The intakes of Ca, Fe and Zn were low or inadequate, and Vitamin A、 B1、 B2 and C intakes were seriously insufficient; Biochemical measurement of urine showed Vitamin C deficiency. Measurement of dark adaptation showed that Vitamin A was deficient. There was 67% of males and 18% of females in age 10-15 group whose hemoglobin (HB) level was lower than reference value. HB level among 20% of females in age 16-22 group was lower than reference value. All these results showed that the dietary structures of the athletes were not suitable and need adjustment.