清王朝覆亡的文物见证

Witness of the Fall of the Qing Dynasty

1911年,武昌起义掀起了辛亥革命的高潮,最终推翻了清王朝,结束了统治中国2000多年的封建君主专制制度,建立了中国历史上第一个资产阶级共和政府。中国国家博物馆《复兴之路》基本陈列中展出了清帝退位诏书、清朝传位玉玺及清朝的龙旗等一组具有特殊意义的典型文物,共同见证着100年前中国发生的历史性巨变。本文拟结合历史背景对这一组文物的内涵、影响及流传经过等进行分析。

The Wuchang Uprising marked the climax of the Revolution of 1911 and finally overthrew the Qing Dynasty, terminating the feudal monarchy system which had ruled China for over 2,000 years. After that, the first bourgeois republican government in Chinese history was founded. In the permanent exhibition of the National Museum of China, The Road of Rejuvenation, cultural relics with special significance, including Qing emperor＇ s abdication edict, Qing imperial heirloom jade seal, and the dragon flag, illustrate the profound historical change in China a century ago. This paper analyzes their significance, influence, and survival with a reference to their historical background.