摘要
美国《时代》周刊发表文章指出:21世纪,一个名副其实的全球性旅行时代来临。旅游业同石油和汽车一起被称为世界三大经济支柱产业。1996年,中国入境出境人员已达1.1亿人次,国际旅游收入超过100亿美元,国内旅游收入超过1600亿人民币。随着我国认真贯彻党的"十五大",进一步扩大对外开放,国内外旅游业迅速发展,我国国际旅行卫生保健必将取得蓬勃发展。
As what the US 'Times' pointed out: the 21st century sees the approaching of the veritable international travel era. Tourism has become one of the three economic pillar industries. In 1996, there were 110 million persons coming in and going out of China and the revenue for international tourism surpassed US $10 billion, and that for domestic one, RMB160 billion. China International Travel Healthcare will inevitably flourish with the rapid development of international and domestic tourism.
In 1979, Chinese government gave diplomatic recognition of 'International Health Regulations', and enacted 'Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of P. R. China' in 1986. At present, the main tasks of 230 frontier health and quarantine organizations in China include: quarantine inspection, infectious disease surveillance, health supervision, sanitary treatment, hygiene supervision and inspection of imported food.
With the degree of open policy expanding, the reform of frontier health and quarantine is quickening its pace in accordance with the annual increasing numbers of exit/entry persons and means of transportation as well as the volume of commodity. The operation pattern of health and quarantine is transformed from simple law - execution to strict pass - guarding as well as providing travel healthcare service. The aim of reform is to set up a frontier administration system with characteristics including legal pass - guarding, effect supervision, faciliating entry and exit, highquality service, scientific administration.
In 1996, WHO reported that in the past 20 years, 30 high - risk infectious diseases had been diagnosed, such as AIDS; seventeen million people died of infectious diseases in 1995, making up one third of total deaths in the world; at the meantime, after declining for a long time, the incidences of TB, diphtheria, cholera and dengue fever began to rise. Nevertheless, the ever - developing traffic also fastens the spread of infectious diseases. Only through developing international travel healthcare, can elaborate greatly the functions of controlling the spread of infectious diseases as well as safeguarding the health of travelers and citizens.
China International Travel Healthcare Association (CITHA) was set up in 1994, under the permission of the Ministry of Public Health and the Ministry of Civil Administration. Since its establishment, it has held a lot of international travel healthcare symposiums, attended some international meetings, cooperated with relative international organizations, set up more than 40 international travel healthcare associations and more than 60 clinics throughout the country, carried out all kinds of international travel healthcare works positively.
With the development of international travel healthcare and the advent of the 21st century global travel era, the course of international travel healthcare in China will develop accordingly. CITHA will adjust the structure and develop international travel healthcare services vigorously, carry out the policy of 'put prevention first', strengthen the sense of information, improve and perfect information administration.
At present, the National Health and Quarantine Bureau and many port health and quarantine bureaus has linked with INTERNET, so as to comprehend updated information of the world. Stations of China International Travel Healthcare, China Frontier Health and Quarantine and China Imported Food Hygiens Supervision and Inspection will be set up in INTERNET by the end of 1997.
