摘要
作者于1997年5月16日至22日随赴泰国老年人旅游团进行了旅行卫生保健服务及探索旅行中危害老年人健康的主要因素及保健措施。该旅行团共25人,男性8人,女性1 7人;年龄为60—80岁,其中60—65岁16人,66—70岁4人,71—75岁3人,76—80岁2。作者首先对该团成员的继往病史进行了调查,结果为:高血压8例,冠心病8例,脑血栓2例,慢性胃炎2例,十二脂肠溃疡1例,糖尿病10例,乙型肝炎及尿毒症换肾术后恢复期各1例。作者根据老年人的生理特点、继往病史及旅行地影响健康的主要因素,开展了预防慢性病复发及疾病发生知识的宣传教育。预防慢性病复发的知识主要内容有:老年人慢性病复发的原因、发病先兆及体征、预防措施及自我救治等。预防可能发生的疾病及意外伤害的知识主要内容有:介绍旅游地疫情、卫生状况、环境、气候、饮食卫生及预防措施等。同时进行预防接种,携带旅行卫生保健药品及防止病媒昆虫叮咬的药品等。在旅行中,每天早晚巡诊,旅行时注意观察,做好保健记录。在旅行结束一个月内进行健康状况调查,并对旅行卫生保健药盒使用情况进行了统计。由于旅行前的卫生保健宣传教育,开展卫生保健及治疗,没有发生严重旅行健康问题。但是,在七天的旅行中,发生腹泻4例,感冒2例,外伤3例及慢性胃炎急性发作1例。作者认为:预防慢性病的复发是对老年人旅行者这一特殊群体旅行卫生保健的重要内容。如何预防旅行腹泻、感冒及外伤是应努力探索的重要课题。
The author, as a travel health care doctor, went to Thailand with the aged tour group during May 16 to 22, 1997. The purposes were as follows, to carry on travel health care to them, to inves tigate health risks to the aged travellers, and to seek the measures of travel health care for the aged travellers. There were 25 tourists in this tour group, and male were 8, female were 17. Their ages are between 60—80, divided into four age groups: 60—65(16 persons), 66—70(4 persons), 71—75(3 persons) and 76—80 (2 persons). The past medical history of the tourists and discovered diseases were investigated by the author. The items included hypertension (8 cases) ,coronary heart diseases (8 cases), cerebral thrombosis (2 cases), chronic gastritis (2 cases) ,gastroduodenal ulcer (1 case), diabetes (10 cases), hepatitis B (1 case) and postoperative convalescence of transplantation of kidney (1 case). According to the aged people's physiological characteristics, past medical history and unhealthy causes in the places where they are going, the author conducted propaganda and education of how to prevent an attack of an old illness and some relevent knowledge of diseases that might occur. The contents of the knowledge of preventing diseases replase, mainly included causes of an attack of a chronic illness, omens of some diseases, preventive measures and self—treatment. The contents of knowledge of preventive potential diseases and ac cident injury included telling the information about epidemic diseases, hygienic conditions, environment, climate, dietetic hygiene and preventing measures. Furthermore, relevant vaccinations were taken, relevant medicine was carried for travel health care and preventing insect bite (vector). On the journey, medical inspection was made in the morning and evening, and conditions of health care were recorded. The in vestigation on health conditions was taken by the end of the travel within one month. Because propaganda and education for health care were conducted before going out and health care and treatment were taken, no serious diseases occurred. During 7 day's trip, however, some diseases occurred, including diarrhea (4 cases), common cold (2 cases), trauma (3 cases) and acute chronic gastritis attack (1 case). The author thinks that preventing replase of chronic diseases is an important subject of travel health care for the old tourists, the special group. How to prevent diarrhea, common cold and'trauma on a journey is an important problem that we should try to solve.
