环颈雉卵的某些生物学特征研究

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF THE EGGS OF RING-NECKED PHEASANT

环颈雉鲜卵重为２８．５０±２．３１ｇ，长径为４３． ３５±１．６８ｍｍ；短径为３４．６４±１．０２ｍｍ，卵重系数为５．４８×１０－４。在鲜卵重（Ｗｆ）与长径（Ｌ）、短径（Ｂ）之间存在着明显的相关关系，其方程为Ｗｆ＝５．４８ × １０－４·Ｌ·Ｂ２。鲜卵重主要与产卵雌鸟的体质有关。鲜卵重与雌鸟的体重（Ｗｈ）显著相关（ｒ＝０．７７，ｄｆ＝１０，Ｐ＜０．０５），其回归方程为Ｗｆ＝－１．８８９＋０．０１８Ｗｈ。雌鸟的年龄、繁殖期、食物中的蛋白质含量等因素对鲜卵重均产生影响。孵化期间的卵重损失（ｙ）与孵卵天数（ｘ）的回归方程为 Ｙ＝ ０． ９９７７－ ０． ００８３Ｘ（ｒ＝ ０． ９９９，ｄｆ＝２０，Ｐ＜ ０． ０１）。根据卵失重方程可以比较准确地推算出野生环颈雉的孵卵时间。

The eggs of Ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus were studied from 1991 to 1993. The results show that, the fresh weight of the eggs is 28. 50±. 31g; egg length is 43. 35±1. 68mm, egg width is 34. 64±1. 02mm, the egg weight coefficient is 5. 48 × 10-4. There is a significant relationship between the fresh weight (Wf) and egg length (L) and egg width (B), the equation is Wf = 5. 48 ×10-4 .L .B2. The fresh weights of the pheasant eggs are determined by the qualities of the hen pheasants. There is a significant correlation between the fresh egg weight and the hen weight (Wh)(r = 0. 77, df = 10, P < 0. 05), the regression equation is Wf = - 1. 889 + 0. 018Wh. The age of hens, breeding stage and the level of proteins in the food also affect the egg fresh weight. The incubation period of Ring-necked pheasant is about 24 days. The eggs loss weight during incubation. The regression equation of egg weight loss (Y) and incubating time (x) is Y = 0. 9977 - 0. 0083x(r = 0. 999, df = 20, P < 0. 01). The results can be used in the field studies. The incubating time can be estimated according to the equation of egg weight loss.