台湾雉类现况与保育

THE STATUS AND CONSERVATION OF PHEASANTS IN TAIWAN

台湾虽为一小岛，留栖雉类６种中，则有三种（台湾山鹧鸪、蓝鹇和黑长尾雉）为特有种，二 种（灰胸竹鸡和雉鸡）为特有亚种，甚为特殊。雉类在台湾的分布，蓝胸鹑和雉鸡栖息于低海拔的 平原和丘陵地，台湾山鹧鸪、灰胸竹鸡和蓝鹇等生活于中海拔山区，黑长尾雉活动于高山地区． 台湾雉类的族群数量，目前以栖息于低海拔的蓝胸鹑和雉鸡最为稀少；台湾山鹧鸪和灰胸竹鸡 较为普遍，最珍贵的蓝鹇和黑长尾雉均不普遍。他们所面临的生存压力，过去以过度猎捕、砍伐森 林和外来种杂交为主，目前则以开辟高山快速公路和登山的干扰，令人担忧。 台湾雉类的保育方法，包括立法、严格取缔滥捕、设立保留区和保护区以及恢复族群数量的复 育工作等。

Taiwan is a small mountainous and particular island, where six species of phasianinae were found. of these phasianinae, White-throated hill partridge (Arborphila crudigularis), Swinhoe's pheasant (Lophura swinhoei), and Mikado pheasant (Syrmaticus mikado) are endemic specise, Chinese Bamboo Partridge (Bambusicloa thoracica ) and Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) are endemic subspecies. Only Indian blue quail (Excalfactoria chinensis) has a more broad range of it distribution. The altitudinal distribution and populations of these phasianinae are quite differents. For those species living in the lowland areas, Indian Blue quail and Ring-necked Pheasant are rare. For those specise living in the middle mountian, White-throated Hill Partridge and Chinese bamboo partridge are common, and Swinhoe's pheasant is uncommon. For the living in the high mountian, Mikado pheasant, is uncommon. The phasianinae in Taiwan faced the survival pressures of overhunting, deforestation, and introduction of exotic species (Ring-necked pheasant) in the past, but they faced another survival pressures such as construction of highway cross the mountians in the southern part of the island and disturbed by humen activities in the mountians now. The measurements of conservation included to enact and execute laws, to establish nature reserve and preserve areas, and a restoration project specially for Ring-necked pheasant.