笼养绿孔雀行为活动时间分配的初步观察

THE OBSERVATION OF TIME BUDGETS OF CAPTIVE GREEN PEAFOWL (PAVO MUTICUS)

通过对笼养条件下绿孔雀（ｐａｖｏ ｍｕｔｉｃｕｓ）时间分配的初步观察表明；笼养绿孔雀的行为活动 具有明显的年周期和日节律性变化，其各种行为活动所占的百分比依次为静栖（５９．５３％）、理羽 （１８．１１％）、游走（１５．１１％）、取食（３．２８％）、求偶（３．６３％）和其它（包括攻击、饮水、鸣叫、 沙浴、排泄等）（０．３５％）。绿孔雀的时间分配除具有年周期和日节律性变化外，不同的季节和性别 其时间分配也有一定的差异，时间分配是影响动物活动的全部因素综合作用的表现。

The time budgets of one pair adult captive Green peafowl were studied from March 1994 to February 1995 at the Kunming Institute of Zoology. The daily and annual time expenditure of activities of the captive Green Peafowl showed significant differences. The courting display activity occurred more from November to May than the rest of the year. The resting frequency was higher from December to January than from May to July, while the frequencies of walking, preening and feeding were lower from December to January than from May to July. Analysis of variance also showed that time budgets of resting, preening, courting display in different months were significantly different(P < 0. 05 ). The displaying behavior occurred more from 9: 00 to 16: 00. Walking, preening , feeding occurred all day, but they had two peaks. Different behaviors had different peak time: walking occurred from 9: 00 to 11: 00 and from 18 : 00 to 20: 00, preening occurred from 7:00 to 11:00 and from 16 :00 to 18 :00, feeding occurred from 9:00 to 14: 00 and from 17 : 00 to 19 : 00. Besides, walking and preening frequencies were a little higher from 14:00 to 15 t00 than other time. Percentages of daily time budget were: resting 59. 53%, preening 18. 11 %, walking 15. 11 %, displaying 3. 63%, feeding 3. 28%, and others (including calling, attacking, drinking, dusting) 0. 35%. Analysis of variance showed that time spending for resting, preening, displaying and walking in different season were significantly different (P <0. 05), but the frequency of feeding showed no seasonal difference. The time spending on walking, feeding and display showed significant sexual difference (P < 0. 05),but no singificant differences presented between male and female for resting and preening.