秦岭火地塘林区不同土壤类型化学性质的研究

Chemical Properties of Different Types of Soils at Huoditang Forest Region in the Qinling Mountains

本文探讨了秦岭火地塘林区棕壤、暗棕壤及草甸土的化学性质。结果表明：不同土类在磁性淋溶过程、养分状况及化学性质方面存在明显差异。3种土类的酸性淋溶过程和物质迁移过程顺序为：暗棕壤＞棕壤＞草甸土；土壤速效养分含量在表层土壤N：棕壤＞暗棕壤＞草甸土，P：暗棕壤＞草甸土＞棕壤；K：暗棕壤＞棕壤＞草甸土；阳离子交换星、交换性盐基总量及盐基饱和度在土壤A层暗棕壤均大于棕壤及草甸土，而交换性酸及水解性酸小于棕壤和草甸土。这与不同土类上的植被类型和气候特点的差异具有密切关系。

Investigations were conducted at Huoditang forest region in the Qinling Mountains to inquire into chemical properties of burozem, dark burozem and meadow soil. Significant differ-ences were found in acid leaching, nutrient contents and chemical properties among the soils. In regards to the acid leaching and substance migration dark burozem> burozem>meadow soil;for the available nutrient contents in top soil, N: burozem >dark burozem>meadow soil, P: dark burozem> meadow soil> burozem, K: dark burozem> burozem> meadow soil; the cation ex-change capacity, exchangenable base capacity and base saturation at A horizon of dark burozem were higher than those of burozem and meadow soil, yet contrary situation appeared in the ex-changeable acidity and hydrolytic acidity. This was closely related to the vegetation types and cli-mate characteristics of the soils.