卫星搭载选育小麦抗赤霉病突变体

PREPARATION ON SCAB RESISTANCE OF WHEAT BY SPACE FLIGHT

小麦种子经我国科学探测和技术实验卫星搭载返回地面后浸种萌发，在生长的不同时间观察根尖细胞染色体畸变情况，部分种子在搭载前用辐射敏化剂乙二胺四乙酸（ＥＤＴＡ）进行了预处理．空间飞行可引起小麦根尖细胞染色体畸变率的增加，ＥＤＴＡ预处理能增加空间飞行诱导的染色体畸变．从经ＥＤＴＡ预处理的小麦种子搭载返地的后代中筛选出抗赤霉病、高产量、高蛋白质含量并带有明显的遗传标记的小麦新品系──“植申一号”

Dry seeds of wheat Thticum aestivum L. cv. Yang--mat No. 5 had been aboarded on a satellite in space for & days. After space' flight the seeds were germinated and cultured under aberrations. The chromosome aberration frequency of root tip cells increased after space flight, and the pre-flight treated with radiation sensitizer ethylene diaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) can increase chromosome aberrations (Table 1). After space flight, a new wheat strain of high yield, high quality and scab (Gibberella zeae) resistance from wheat seeds which pre-flight treated with radiation sensitizer EDTA (Table 2, 3) was obtained. It had clear genetic maxk on grain husk. Now it had been named 'Zhi-shen No. 1'.