24小时个人膳食询问法在中国营养调查中的应用

The evaluation of the 24-hour individual dietary recall method in China

利用１９９１年中国健康与营养调查中家庭膳食称重法和２４ｈ个人膳食询问法结果的准确性，通过对８省的３５６３户中１３６０６名居民进行连续３天的２４ｈ个人膳食询问和家庭称重调查结果比较表明：在用全家称重法所得的食用油和其他调味品修正２４ｈ个人膳食询问结果后，两种方法平均每标准人日热能摄入仅相差０．３１ＭＪ，相对误差只有１％，蛋白质相对误差较大为５％，脂肪为３％。协方差分析比较除掉混杂因子的影响之后的标准人均每日几种营养素的摄入量，差别最大的是家中有客人的组，脂肪摄入明显较高。本研究说明，用全家称重法调查所得食用油的消耗量，对２４ｈ个人询问结果进行修正，调整了两种方法的差异，从而得到较准确的个人膳食及营养素的摄入水平估计。

The authors compared two dietary survey methods using the data from 1991 China Health and Nutrition Survey. The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the 24-hour individual dietary recall method. Data were collected over 3 consecutive days by 24hour dietary recall and a household inventory method for 3563 households with 13606 individuals. After using household cooking oil and condiments consumption to modify the individual recall results, there was only a 0. 31 MJ (74 kcal)difference between these methods for average daily calorie intake. The relative difference was 1%. Rations were 5% and 2% for average daily protein and fat intake, respectively. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the means of the nutrients intake when adjusting for other confounding variables. The biggest difference was in households with guests eating at home,where fat intake was significantly higher, Particular importance was an adjustment for household cooking oil consumption used to modify the recall results. Removing this adjustment greatly expanded differences between these two methods.