大、小兴安岭北部晚更新世以来多年冻土演变与砂金成矿的关系

The Relationship Between Permafrost Evolution and the Formation of Gold Placers in Northern Part of the Greater and Lesser Hinggan Mountains Since Late Pleistocene Epoch

从沉积学、孢粉学、年代学、矿物学和地球化学的角度,探讨了大、小兴安岭北部第四纪砂金矿的形成与演化,将砂金戍矿时代划分为3个主要时期:晚更新世、全新世早-中期和全新世晚期。其中晚更新世晚期成矿规模最大、范围最广。晚更新世以来砂金的成矿、演变及再生与多年冻土关系密切,冻土的发生、发展、退化制约着砂金成矿时代、规模及其再生。

With the sedimentological, sporo-pollen, geochronological, mineralogical and geochemical evidence, this paper studies the formation and evolution of Quaternary gold placers in northern part of the Greater and Lesser Hinggan Mountains. The mineralization of gold placers is divided into three main epoches, i.e. late Pleistocene Epoch, early-middle Holocene Epoch and late Holocene Epoch. Most of the existing gold placers were formed in the late stage of Pleistocene Epoch. Since the late Pleistocene Epoch, the formation, evolution and regeneration of gold placers have closely correlated with permafrost. The metallogenic epoches, formation scale and regeneration of gold placers are controlled occurrence, development and degradation of permafrost.